The design equations should be especially useful for a reliable ... This creates a second mode of oscillation frequency which is higher than the desired crystal resonance frequency. The ranges of loop ...

The 657 nm clock laser is then stabilized to the atomic resonance through feedback control ... The first-order Doppler frequency shift can be expressed as Equation 1. Considering the fitting ...

Abstract: We report optical experimental frequency division and chaos results in a resonant tunneling diode laser diode ... and laser output results are well predicted using Lienardpsilas equation.