PARIS — A new formula based on precise measurements of the eye allows IOL power calculation without a surgeon “fudge factor,” according to presenters here. The formula is accurate even for eyes that ...

We can also use wavelengths to calculate refractive index. By substituting \(v_{1}=f\lambda _{1}\) and \(v_{2}=f\lambda _{2}\) into \(n=\frac{v_{1}}{v_{2}}\) then ...

The Brix scale, derived from the refractive index of a solution at 20 degrees Celsius (68 Fahrenheit), is widely known. Originally, it was established by determining the weight percentage of sucrose ...

The water content of hydraulic brake fluid affects boiling point, viscosity and the corrosive nature of the fluid. Brake overheating can boil fluids containing a significant amounts of water, causing ...