Comprehensive introduction to analysis of continuous and discrete-time signals and systems. Linear time-invariant systems, convolution; Fourier series representations of periodic signals; Continuous ...

Design linear discrete-time systems and filters and analyze their behavior. Represent continuous-time signals and linear systems in discrete time, so that such signals can be recovered in continuous ...

A study of signals and linear systems and their applications in modern engineering. Representation of continuous and discrete time signals and systems in the time and frequency domains. Stability, ...

Physicists have shown that Markov processes, widely used to model complex systems, must unfold over a larger space than previously assumed. Scientists believe that time is continuous, not discrete -- ...

Researchers demonstrate a novel method for transforming continuous time crystals into discrete ones using subharmonic injection locking, offering new insights into symmetry breaking and control in ...

Shown is a simplified continuous-time sigma-delta ADC model, comprising a sigma-delta modulator and a decimation filter. The DT-S? input structure typically implements switched capacitors, and CT-S?

to speed up the construction of the discrete-time model by turning to Newton-type methods for solving the Schrödinger system (in the next section, we show numerically that a mixed Newton–Sinkhorn ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. The Universe is out there, waiting for you to discover it. If you want to learn what the Universe is made out of at a fundamental ...