Microsoft has introduced Majorana 1, a quantum chip with a "Topological Core" architecture, potentially enabling powerful quantum computers within years instead of decades. The breakthrough stems from a newly developed material called a topoconductor,

Researchers have criticised Microsoft's new Majorana 1 quantum computer, saying the company has made claims about the way it works that aren't fully backed up by scientific evidence

Redmond’s quantum claims were made in February when it announced its in-house boffins had created "the world’s first topoconductor, a breakthrough type of material which can observe and control Majorana particles to produce more reliable and scalable qubits, which are the building blocks for quantum computers."

To the best of my woefully scientifically underequipped knowledge, Microsoft's new quantum chip supposedly uses Majorana fermions, a kind of theorised and apparently newly discovered emergent particle that's indistinguishable from its antiparticle, a fact that is supposed to help improve qubit stability.