Amid the chaos of revolutionary France, one man’s mathematical obsession gave way to a calculation that now underpins much of mathematics and physics. The calculation, called the Fourier transform, ...

FFT-EM is an innovative method that represents a combination of FFT and EM techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The technique is often used to determine the interior and surface ...

In this paper, we show that the limiting distribution of the real and the imaginary part of the Fourier transform of a stationary random field is almost surely an independent vector with Gaussian ...

FTIR spectroscopy enables quick, accurate analysis of materials, offering unique spectral fingerprints for identifying unknown substances and ensuring quality.