Since 2022, the underwater volcano of Home Reef has repeatedly emerged, adding hectares of land to the Tonga archipelago. Successive eruptions have allowed the island to reach an area of ...

Home Reef is part of a chain of around 80 submarine volcanoes that form the Tonga-Kermadec Arc – also home to the Taupo supervolcano – which just so happens to be one of the world’s most active.

flows northward into the Pacific Ocean as a narrow western boundary current along the Tonga–Kermadec Trench”. It seems surprising that the source water should move in such a narrow current ...

Located in the Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone, Home Reef is at the heart of one of the most active regions on the planet in terms of volcanism. This zone, where three tectonic plates meet, is known ...