The Ottoman Empire, which governed the Middle East from Algeria to Iraq for 400 years, collapsed after World War I.In 1862, the Ottoman foreign minister, Ali Pasha, prophetically warned in a letter ...

Post-war Europe – Nations, States & Collapsing Empires | The Century Ireland project is an online historical newspaper that tells the story of the events of Irish life a century ago ...

Imagine an advanced civilization filled with architectural wonders and military power that once spanned vast territories ...

In 2013, three east European economists published a paper demonstrating that those who now live in the “Pale of Settlement,” the area to which Jewish residents were confined during the Russian ...

Eastern Europe was inherently different from its Western counterpart, Mikanowski announces early on, and its distinguishing quality was its diversity, especially of faith.

Co-corresponding author Walter Pohl of the Austrian Academy of Sciences adds: "The Avars came directly to Europe after their East-Asian empire had been destroyed by the Turks, and many of their ...

How did your upbringing shape your relationship with food?. I grew up in Omsk, Siberia, in the 1980s and 1990s, and I remember endless food queues. It’s nothing compared with what previous ...

Post-war Europe – Nations, States & Collapsing Empires | The Century Ireland project is an online historical newspaper that tells the story of the events of Irish life a century ago ...